Increasing Sugarcane Production by 25% in Guatemala with Xcel-Wobblers

Location:

Guatemala

View Gallery | 2 Photographs

Profile

Guatemala

Crop

Sugarcane

Soil Type

Shallow and Dry

Operating Pressure

20 psi (1.38 bar)

Wetted Diameter

45 ft (13.7 m)

Spacing Between Sprinklers

30 x 30 ft (9 x 9 m)

This field is producing approximately 125 metric tons of sugarcane and the producers think it is entirely due upgrading their sprinkler heads.

The Challenge

Guatemala is the third major sugarcane producer in Latin American and the Caribbean and the fourth major exporter worldwide, representing 5% of total world exports.

Sugarcane planted area in the country has been expanding by an average annual basis of three percent for the past ten years, with production increases highly dependent on both yield increases and sugar extraction efficiency.¹This means that areas with quality soil are becoming scarcer.

One large sugar cane producer decided to take the chance and begin producing sugar cane in an area known for its poor soil quality. The land is rocky and soils are shallow and dry, meaning irrigation is a necessity.

Sugarcane production is a water intensive process, so drip was initially installed to try and maximizing water efficiency. However, due to the harsh soil conditions the system was unable to help produce high enough yields.

¹Per USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report Number: GT1602

The Solution

Senninger recommended converting the field from drip irrigation to an overhead sprinkler system equipped with high-angle Xcel-Wobblers and pressure regulators.

The sprinklers were installed at 30 x 30 ft (9 x 9 meter) spacing and set to operate at 20 psi (1.38 bar). This would ensure adequate overlap between sprinkler heads for a distribution uniformity of over 90%.

Xcel-Wobbler Installation
Model	Nozzle Size	Flow Rate	Operating Pressure	Spacing Between Heads	Wetted Diameter
HA Xcel-Wobbler	#6	1.10 gpm	20 psi	30 x 30 ft	45 ft

The Result

The Xcel-Wobblers have been in this field for nearly five years. The field with Xcel-Wobblers produces approximately 125 metric tons of sugarcane for harvesting with 90% distribution uniformity. In contrast, alternate irrigation solutions tested only produced 90 to 100 tons of sugarcane with 70% uniformity.

The treatment, fertilization, mechanization, amount of water applied has been the same for all tested methods. The only difference is the way the water is applied. This is due to the size of the droplet and type of droplet. The soil is kept better aerated and oxygenated and that benefit translates into greater yield.

The growers believe that this significant variance in uniformity is the main reason behind the 25% difference in metric tons yielded. The Xcel-Wobbler has a larger, more consistent droplet size than most overhead sprinklers. This means that there is less water loss due to wind and evaporation, and the soil is kept better aerated / oxygenated. This then translates into the increased yields.